![]() However, for many biological applications, it is necessary to transfer the QDs into water through a capping ligand exchange. It is critical to disperse QDs in water before their application by surface modification with biofunctional molecules for the purpose of bioimaging. Although they have good stability in terms of physics, the application of QDs in biology and cancer detection has been delayed due to their dispersion behaviour in aqueous solutions. With the development of synthesis QDs, an increasing number of QDs have been used for bioimaging and cancer detection applications.īecause the unique properties of QDs depend on their diameter, the control over the size of the ODs, their size distribution, crystallinity, and surface defects is crucial. There is no doubt that QDs offer a new tool for the multiplexed detection of target molecules and investigation into the intricacies of biomolecular interaction with cells. In 1998, Nie and Alivisatos were the first to report on the potential applications of QDs in biology. All of these attractive features of QDs have made them extremely promising candidates for the new generation of optical probes for various immunoassays, multiplex imaging of cancer cells, and in vivo cancer targeting and imaging studies, etc. This is a major advantage compared with the simultaneous excitation of multiple organic dyes emitting at different wavelengths, which requires multiple light sources. ![]() In addition, QDs exhibit a continuous absorption band behaviour that allows a single laser light source to excite multicolored QDs simultaneously. Compared to organic dyes, QDs have narrow emission peaks that can be systematically tuned from visible to near-infrared by manipulating their size, composition, and shape. ![]() Over the past decade, the use of semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) has developed remarkably due to their unique features. ![]()
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